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Edward Warren Miney (September 7, 1926 – August 23, 2006)[citation needed] and Lorraine Rita Warren (née Moran; January 31, 1927 – April 18, 2019[1]) were American paranormal investigators and authors associated with distinguished instances of hauntings. Edward turned into a self-taught and self-professed demonologist, author, and lecturer. Lorraine professed to be clairvoyant and a mild trance medium who worked carefully along with her husband.

In 1952, the Warrens founded the New England Society for Psychic Research, the oldest ghost hunting institution in New England.[2] They authored numerous books approximately the magical and approximately their non-public investigations into various reports of paranormal hobby. They claimed to have investigated over 10,000 cases in the course of their profession. The Warrens were among the first investigators in the debatable Amityville haunting. According to the Warrens, the N.E.S.P.R. Uses a ramification of people, together with clinical docs, researchers, cops, nurses, college college students, and individuals of the clergy in its investigations.[3]

Stories of ghost hauntings popularized by the Warrens have been adapted as or have not directly inspired dozens of movies, television series and documentaries, consisting of 17 films within the Amityville Horror series and 7 films in The Conjuring Universe.

Skeptics Perry DeAngelis and Steven Novella have investigated the Warrens' evidence and described it as "blarney".[4] Skeptical investigators Joe Nickell and Benjamin Radford concluded that the more famous hauntings, Amityville and the Snedeker circle of relatives haunting, did now not occur and had been invented.[5][6][7]

Notable investigations

Annabelle

Main article: Annabelle (doll)

According to the Warrens, inside the year 1968,  roommates claimed their Raggedy Ann doll changed into possessed by way of the spirit of a younger woman named Annabelle Higgins. The Warrens took the doll, telling the roommates it was "being manipulated by using an inhuman presence", and positioned it on display at the circle of relatives's "Occult Museum". The horror movies Annabelle, Annabelle: Creation, are each spin-off prequel movies of The Conjuring and Annabelle Comes Home, a spin-off sequel of The Conjuring, are loosely based on the story.[8]

Amityville

The Warrens are probably nice regarded for his or her involvement inside the 1975 Amityville Horror wherein New York couple George and Kathy Lutz claimed that their house became haunted by using a violent, demonic presence so intense that it ultimately drove them out of their domestic. The Amityville Horror Conspiracy authors Stephen and Roxanne Kaplan characterised the case as a "hoax".[9] Lorraine Warren instructed a reporter for The Express-Times newspaper that the Amityville Horror become now not a hoax. The pronounced haunting became the premise for the 1977 book The Amityville Horror and tailored into the 1979 and 2005 movies of the identical name, while also serving as inspiration for the film series that accompanied. The Warrens' model of events is partly tailored and portrayed within the establishing sequence of The Conjuring 2 (2016). According to Benjamin Radford, the story changed into "refuted by means of eyewitnesses, investigations and forensic evidence".[6] In 1979, attorney William Weber said that he, Jay Anson, and the occupants "invented" the horror story "over many bottles of wine".[10][7]

Enfield poltergeist

Main article: Enfield poltergeist

In 1977, the Warrens investigated claims that a own family in the North London suburb of Enfield became haunted by means of poltergeist interest. While some of impartial observers dismissed the incident as a hoax done through "attention-hungry" children, the Warrens were satisfied that it became a case of "demonic possession". The tale become the foundation for The Conjuring 2, despite the fact that critics say the Warrens have been involved "to a far lesser diploma than portrayed within the film" and in reality had proven up to the scene uninvited and been refused admittance to the house.[11][12][13]

Cheyenne Johnson

Main article: Trial of Arne Cheyenne Johnson

In 1981, Arne Cheyenne Johnson became accused of killing his landlord, Alan Bono. Ed and Lorraine Warren have been called prior to the killing to address the alleged demonic ownership of the more youthful brother of Johnson's fiancée. The Warrens sooner or later claimed that Johnson changed into additionally possessed. At trial, Johnson tried to plead Not Guilty by way of Reason of Demonic Possession, however become unsuccessful together with his plea. This tale serves as the muse for The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It (2020).[14] The case was defined in the 1983 e book The Devil in Connecticut by way of Gerald Brittle.